Mohammed Abass Abood

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasingly associated with elevated cancer risk through interconnected biochemical disturbances, particularly oxidative stress dysregulation, chronic inflammation, and altered intracellular signaling. Objective: This study investigated cancer risk–related biochemical markers in women with T2DM and adopted an applied biological chemistry approach through the synthesis and evaluation of selected antioxidant amide derivatives supported by molecular docking analysis. Methods: Serum levels of Akt protein, C-reactive protein (CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and catalase (CAT) were assessed in diabetic patients and healthy controls. T2DM patients exhibited significant Akt hyperactivation, elevated MDA levels, reduced CAT activity, and increased CRP concentrations, indicating a pro-risk biochemical environment driven by redox imbalance and inflammation. Results: In parallel, antioxidant amide derivatives were synthesized, and two compounds were selected based on antioxidant screening. Their total antioxidant capacity was evaluated using the phosphomolybdate assay, and molecular docking analysis provided mechanistic insight into their interactions with oxidative stress–related protein targets. Conclusion: Overall, the findings highlight oxidative stress dysregulation as a central biochemical link between T2DM and increased cancer risk and support the applied evaluation of antioxidant amide derivatives as potential biochemical candidates for oxidative stress modulation.

the document content: Research Description (English): This study reports the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a novel series of 5-bromo-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid derivatives conjugated with various monosaccharides. The synthesized compounds were characterized and tested in vitro for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Antioxidant capacity was measured using the phosphomolybdate assay, with several derivatives showing strong activity comparable to ascorbic acid. Additionally, molecular docking studies were performed to investigate the binding interactions of these compounds with the cytochrome c peroxidase enzyme, supporting their potential as effective antioxidant agents.

Background: Recurrent tonsillitis is a frequent disease in children specially under 10 years and has a great impact in growth and nutrition. Frequent infections of tonsillitis can lead to loss of appetite, inflammation and can reflect in poor nutrient absorption and causing dropping in hemoglobin, iron and total protein. Objective: This study aims to assess the effect of recurrent tonsillitis in children by study significant differences in their BMI, hemoglobin, iron and total protein levels. Methods: This study (cross-sectional study) included 128 children in age (3-12 years) in Al-Diwaniyah City, Iraq, they are divided into two groups when first group as recurrent tonsillitis group (n=64) and second groups as healthy controls group (n=64). BMI and blood markers (total protein, hemoglobin and serum iron) assessed. Results: the results showed that children with recurrent-tonsillitis had significantly lower hemoglobin, iron and total protein with p value ≤ 0.05 and higher risk of anemia and mild protein deficiency. Conclusion: the results indicate that chronic inflammation and poor dietary intake in children with recurrent tonsillitis may affect their nutrition and increase the risk of anemia and protein-deficiency. Nutritional monitoring and dietary support including iron and protein rich foods are recommended to prevent long-term effects on growth and immunity.

This study reports the synthesis and characterization of Nickel (II) phthalocyanine, a macrocyclic coordination compound. The compound was synthesized through a two-step chemical process and characterized using FTIR, UV-Visible, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized Nickel (II) phthalocyanine complex was evaluated using the DPPH radical-scavenging assay. The results demonstrated that the complex exhibits significant antioxidant activity, achieving up to 85% scavenging effect at a concentration of 25 μg. These findings suggest that the synthesized Nickel (II) phthalocyanine has promising antioxidant properties and potential applications in biological and medical fields.

This study compared the ability of pyridoxamine and nettle extract to prevent glycation of human serum albumin, a process linked to diabetes complications. Results showed that nettle extract, especially at higher concentrations, effectively inhibited glycation and protected albumin structure, with effects similar to pyridoxamine. Nettle extract may be a promising natural option to reduce diabetes-related protein damage.