Hussein Nasir Shwein Abu Shakheera Al Khazali

This study aims to look into John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath's critique of the American Dream. Through focusing on such central marks of the American Dream as freedom, equality, and individualism, it will have stated that the Joad family does not fulfil the American Dream of classes and castes. The book was published during the Great Depression, a time of widespread poverty and unemployment in America. The aim is to characterize the American Dream and lay its foundation. In addition, the "self" and "other" pair will be used as a test instrument. Based on a thorough examination of The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck, it is attempted to define and describe recurrent themes and to create the concept of American Dream in this novel with its hierarchy. Steinbeck is respected as the foremost versatile craftsman of contemporary American fiction. He may be an author commendable to be compared with the novelists Anton Chekhov and Anatole France. This paper will address the unfulfilled dreams of the Joad family, who begun their trip from Oklahoma, putting everything they possess into a truck to California.

Ernest Hemingway's novel The Old Man and the Sea (1952) is largely regarded as one of his best works which portrays the close relationship between man and nature. In fact, nature is of high significance in this novella that happens in the sea, and revolves around an old fisherman’s endeavours to catch a big marline fish. Obviously, Hemingway has a recognizable rank among the twentieth-century literary figures. The above mentioned novella of Hemingway has been considered as one of the most renowned works of fiction that capably examines brave inspirations through its central character, Santiago who is a representation of quality and confirmation. The purpose of this investigation is a precise analysis of Santiago's excellence in his insights, his quality, his perseverance soul, and his agreement with life; moreover, this study seeks to illustrate that remarkable qualifications, as the writer indicates in his novella. Actually, these qualities show that the life capacities which the protagonist has amassed through association have shaped his character and changed him into a man who differs hugely from the culmination of masculinity anticipated by his dominant machismo. In Hemingway's novella, we learn that overcoming against unfathomable circumstances is at the essence of bravery, and that if a fisherman wants to be a heroic figure for humanity, his difficulties must be vital. In this paper, it has been also endeavoured to find and reexamine the subject of heroism which has been displayed through Santiago as the hero. As a result, the primary focus of this paper is to examine and evaluate the heroic highlights of Hemingway's masterworks, it is attempted to identify the diligence and courage in Hemingway as a legendary author in order to know the reasons why he composed such a notable novella. The main focus of the present study is therefore Santiago who has been depicted as being mentally enduring all through the occasions of the novella. This research is based on an expository topical method founded on extricating the novella’s most gallant occasions and scrutinising them.

The war had a critical impact throughout the history of the USA on the conquered South,which was undergoing "collective decline" leading to a "collective cultural trauma". Theconcept of trauma is inseparably associated with the South's ideologies, specifically theideology of white superiority in the South. The present study investigates the role oftraumatic life events on identity in Light in August . Joe Christmas, the protagonist in WilliamFaulkner's novel, is portrayed as a trauma survivor on a never-ending quest for identification.Also, this study is an attempt to examine how the identity of Joe Christmas is formed by thecollective identity of his community. Joe Christmas who is always in search of identitywishes to be a tragic character. He combats all the threats to physical, intellectual andemotional safety through violent reactions that generally occur in explosions against women because he intimately threatens his understanding of his sexuality. Joe Christmas, associatinghimself with the black race at many points within the novel, suffers from the mockery thatentails only because he knows a bit about his personal story and enables his racial confusionto influence his sexual identity in his teenage years and adulthood. This study analyses how Christmas challenges, heightens and exacerbates Jefferson’s racial and sex -based stringentclassifications. In this paper, Faulkner is undoubtedly disengaged from portraying theterrible representation of the injury by which his mulatto character experiences "TraumaProcess ". In this respect, it is revealed that collective injuries are related to the collectivecharacter of America. It successively reflects the entire destructive vision of the South thatis represented in Faulkner's novel.

Atonement has been regarded as McEwan's best demonstration of his protracted reflections on the form of the English novel, and his lengthy negotiations on the traditions of modern English fiction writing and criticism passed down from their predecessors. In that order, some might assume that McEwan's Atonement could be associated both with modernism and postmodernism. Some even go further to claim that the novel along with its relation to modernism and postmodernism eventually lands with realism. Such a claim is based on the assumption that the novel resists postmodernism's moral fickleness and pits against it a tradition of English empiricism. On the other hand, the current paper intends to argue otherwise; that is, to argue in favor of postmodern metafictional narrative in Atonement. A claim that could feasibly be supported by—but yet to be consolidated in the current research—the thoughts of some writers like Wood who suggest that the novel throughout its narrative events, but more particularly with its ending, could very possibly be perceived as a proper postmodern artifact, wearing its doubts on its sleeve, on the outside, as the Pompidou does its escalators.

The study of characters’ behavior implies nostalgia, nervousness, frustration and desire of escape. William focuses no longer only depicting their identities but additionally their interaction with other individuals of society. The majority of his heroes and heroines suffer because they fail to evolve themselves to the established values of the environment wherein, they live; consequently, they're commonly stressed and unable to meet their prescribed roles. In that sense in maximum of his works it's far noticed that his characters, beneath the pressure of harsh truth, expand the feeling of frustration and alienation. They escape, from the fact to, are seeking for refuge underneath the shadow of illusion. However, they can't remove the tough fact and sooner or later, they live their lifestyles with the very feeling of frustration, loneliness and alienation. This research ambitions at exploring Tennessee Williams’ characters in The Glass Menagerie in appreciate to the principles of frustration and alienation. It is essential to be aware that this observation covers Tennessee William’s one essential play; The Glass Menagerie (1944). The purpose of this research is to scrutinize that the feeling of alienation, depression and disappointment are so distinct inside the characters and they perform the important subjects in The Glass Menagerie. The research offers a general information on Tennessee Williams’ biography and his theatre in terms of the subject matter of alienation and frustration which shapes his works.

Decay of morality has been the focus of many American dramatists. David Mamet as one of the most well-known writers has a particular position in this regard. His plays, in particular American Buffalo mean to depict a critical situation in which the only way through which the different characters can survive is just through cheating on each other. This study is going to analyze this play in detail in order to show that the concept of American Dream seems so serious and real for the characters that makes them unaware of its being a lie. Likewise, the current study will declare that through American Buffalo, Mamet has criticized the entrepreneurial arrangement which has led to the characters’ wretchedness. To do so, the theory of grand narratives by Lyotard as this paper’s main methodology will be applied. The aim of this article is to show how the dramatist criticizes the capitalistic system and indicate to the destructive effects of this system on the human condition.